Understanding Python OOPS Concepts

Python can be used in several ways and supports a variety of programming methods.

Creating objects is a common way to address a programming challenge. Object-Oriented Programming is the term for this (OOP). Here, let’s go through Python Object-Oriented Programming and important concepts related to it.

An object has two characteristics:

1. attributes

2. behavior

Let's take an example:

A Penguin is an object because it possesses the following characteristics:

name, age, color as attributes

singing, dancing as behavior

The notion of OOPS in Python focuses on writing reusable code. DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) is another name for this principle.

A class is an object's blueprint. The class can be compared to a sketch of a Penguin with labels. It provides all of the information regarding the name, colors, and size, among other things. 

We can learn more about the Penguin by studying these descriptions. A Penguin is an object in this case.

An example for the class of Penguin can be:

class Penguin:

    pass

The class keyword is used to create an empty class called Penguin. We create instances from classes. A unique object formed from a certain class is referred to as an instance.

A class is instantiated as an object (instance). Only the object's description is defined when class is defined. As a result, no memory or storage is assigned.

An example of the object of the Penguin class can be:

obj = Penguin()

Here, obj is an object of class Penguin.

Assume we have information on Penguins. Now we'll teach you how to create the Penguin class and objects.

class Penguin:

    # class attribute

    species = "bird"

    # instance attribute

    def __init__(self, name, age):

        self.name = name

        self.age = age

# instantiate the Penguin class

pigeon= Penguin("Pigeon", 10)

parrot= Penguin("Parrot", 15)

# accessing class attributes

print("Pigeon is a {}".format(pigeon.__class__.species))

print("Parrot is also a {}".format(parrot.__class__.species))

# accessing instance attributes

print("{} is {} years old".format( pigeon.name, pigeon.age))

print("{} is {} years old".format( parrot.name, parrot.age))

Output: