Python Tutorial for Beginners

Python Modules- How to Create, Use and Variables

What are Modules in Python Programming?

Modules in Python are simply ".py" files that contain Python code that may be imported into another Python program.

A module may be thought of as a code library or a file containing a group of functions that you want to add to your program.

We may use modules to group together similar functions, classes, or code blocks in the same file. As a result, splitting large Python code blocks into modules comprising up to 300–400 lines of code is regarded as the best practices for building larger Python code blocks for production-level projects in Data Science.

How to Create a Module in Python?

Write the code you want in a file with the extension.py to build a module:

Example:

def greeting(name):

  print("Hello, " + name)

How to Use Python Module?

Using the import line, we can now use the module we just created:

Example:

Import the module named my_module, and call the greeting function:

import my_module

my_module.greeting("Wscube")

Output:

C:\Users\My Name>python demo1.py
Hello, Wscube

What are Module Variables in Python?

The module can include not only functions, but also variables of any type (arrays, dictionaries, objects, and so on):

Example:

Save this code in the file my_module.py

p1 = {

  "name": "John",

  "age": 23,

  "country": "india"

}

Example:

import my_module

a = my_module.p1["age"]

print(a)

Output:

C:\Users\My Name>python demo2.py
23

Naming a Module

The module file can be named whatever you like, but it must have the.py extension.

Renaming a Module

If you wish to import a module, you can use the as keyword to create an alias:

Example:

Create an alias for mymodule called mx:

import mymodule as mx

a = mx.person1["age"]

print(a)

Built-in Modules in Python

Python comes with a number of built-in modules that you can use whenever you want.

C:\Users\My Name>python demo_module3.py

Output:

36

Example:

Import and use the platform module:

import platform

x = platform.system()

print(x)

Output:

Windows

Using the dir() Function

To list all the function names in a module, there is a built-in function. The dir() method is used to:

Example:

import platform

x = dir(platform)

print(x)

Output:

['DEV_NULL', '_UNIXCONFDIR', 'WIN32_CLIENT_RELEASES', 'WIN32_SERVER_RELEASES', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__copyright__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package __', '__spec__', '__version__', '_default_architecture', '_dist_try_harder', '_follow_symlinks', '_ironpython26_sys_version_parser', '_ironpython_sys_version_parser', '_java_getprop', '_libc_search', '_linux_distribution', '_lsb_release_version', '_mac_ver_xml', '_node', '_norm_version', '_perse_release_file', '_platform', '_platform_cache', '_pypy_sys_version_parser', '_release_filename', '_release_version', '_supported_dists', '_sys_version', '_sys_version_cache', '_sys_version_parser', '_syscmd_file', '_syscmd_uname', '_syscmd_ver', '_uname_cache', '_ver_output', 'architecture', 'collections', 'dist', 'java_ver', 'libc_ver', 'linux_distribution', 'mac_ver', 'machine', 'node', 'os', 'platform', 'popen', 'processor', 'python_branch', 'python_build', 'python_compiler', 'python_implementation', 'python_revision', 'python_version', 'python_version_tuple', 're', 'release', 'subprocess', 'sys', 'system', 'system_aliases', 'uname', 'uname_result', 'version', 'warnings', 'win32_ver']

Importing From Module

Using the from keyword, you can choose to import only pieces from a module.

Example:

There is only one function and one dictionary in the module named mymodule:

def greeting(name):

  

print("Hello, " + name)

person1 = {

  "name": "John",

  "age": 36,

  "country": "Norway" }
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