Python Modules- How to Create, Use and Variables
Table of Contents
- What are Modules in Python Programming?
- How to Create a Module in Python?
- How to Use Python Module?
- What are Module Variables in Python?
- Naming a Module
- Renaming a Module
- Built-in Modules in Python
- Using the dir() Function
- Importing From Module
What are Modules in Python Programming?
Modules in Python are simply ".py" files that contain Python code that may be imported into another Python program.
A module may be thought of as a code library or a file containing a group of functions that you want to add to your program.
We may use modules to group together similar functions, classes, or code blocks in the same file. As a result, splitting large Python code blocks into modules comprising up to 300–400 lines of code is regarded as the best practices for building larger Python code blocks for production-level projects in Data Science.
How to Create a Module in Python?
Write the code you want in a file with the extension.py to build a module:
Example:
def greeting(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
How to Use Python Module?
Using the import line, we can now use the module we just created:
Example:
Import the module named my_module, and call the greeting function:
import my_module
my_module.greeting("Wscube")
Output:
What are Module Variables in Python?
The module can include not only functions, but also variables of any type (arrays, dictionaries, objects, and so on):
Example:
Save this code in the file my_module.py
p1 = {
"name": "John",
"age": 23,
"country": "india"
}
Example:
import my_module
a = my_module.p1["age"]
print(a)
Output:
Naming a Module
The module file can be named whatever you like, but it must have the.py extension.
Renaming a Module
If you wish to import a module, you can use the as keyword to create an alias:
Example:
Create an alias for mymodule called mx:
import mymodule as mx
a = mx.person1["age"]
print(a)
Built-in Modules in Python
Python comes with a number of built-in modules that you can use whenever you want.
C:\Users\My Name>python demo_module3.py
Output:
Example:
Import and use the platform module:
import platform
x = platform.system()
print(x)
Output:
Using the dir() Function
To list all the function names in a module, there is a built-in function. The dir() method is used to:
Example:
import platform
x = dir(platform)
print(x)
Output:
O
NFDIR', 'WIN32_CLIENT_RELEASES', 'WIN32_SERVER_RELEASES', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__copyright__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__', '__name__', '__package __', '__spec__', '__version__', '_default_architecture', '_dist_try_harder', '_follow_symlinks', '_ironpython26_sys_version_parser', '_ironpython_sys_version_parser', '_java_getprop', '_libc_search', '_linux_distribution', '_lsb_release_version', '_mac_ver_xml', '_node', '_norm_version', '_perse_release_file', '_platform', '_platform_cache', '_pypy_sys_version_parser', '_release_filename', '_release_version', '_supported_dists', '_sys_version', '_sys_version_cache', '_sys_version_parser', '_syscmd_file', '_syscmd_uname', '_syscmd_ver', '_uname_cache', '_ver_output', 'architecture', 'collections', 'dist', 'java_ver', 'libc_ver', 'linux_distribution', 'mac_ver', 'machine', 'node', 'os', 'platform', 'popen', 'processor', 'python_branch', 'python_build', 'python_compiler', 'python_implementation', 'python_revision', 'python_version', 'python_version_tuple', 're', 'release', 'subprocess', 'sys', 'system', 'system_aliases', 'uname', 'uname_result', 'version', 'warnings', 'win32_ver']Importing From Module
Using the from keyword, you can choose to import only pieces from a module.
Example:
There is only one function and one dictionary in the module named mymodule:
def greeting(name):
print("Hello, " + name)
person1 = {
"name": "John",
"age": 36,
"country": "Norway" }