IoT Architecture Explained: IoT Architecture Diagram and Layers

IoT systems are made of three main parts— sensors, network connectivity, and data storage applications. It can be presented as:

Things⟹Gateway⟹Internet⟹IoT services.

The architecture of IoT depends upon its functions and implementation in various sectors. Four layers are present in the architecture. 

1. Sensing Layer

Sensors and actuators establishment come in this layer. These sensors get input data processes it over a network. The actuators help in studying the reports that are sensed, and the sensors gather information and convert it into a format that can be used as an output.

2. Network Layer

Internet gateways and data acquisition systems are available in this layer. It collects and aggregates data for converting it to digital data. This layer enables the connection between sensor networks and the internet. It also performs gateway functions based on data like malware protection and filtering.

3. Data Processing Layer

This layer is the reason why processing is done in an IoT system. Data is sent to the data center after analysis with the help of this layer. Data is monitored and managed through this layer.

4. Application Layer

This final layer of IoT architecture is where output data is managed. This is where it gives user experience in the various sectors. The data is sent to the physical servers that are placed far from sensors. It can be done both locally and on cloud networks.

Sensors in the IoT can communicate either locally or with the help of central servers via gateway devices.